Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching

Present project is designed using 8051 microcontroller to avoid railway accidents happening at unattended railway gates, if implemented in spirit. This project utilizes two powerful IR transmitters and two receivers; one pair of transmitter and receiver is fixed at up side (from where the train comes) at a level higher than a human being in exact alignment and similarly the other pair is fixed at down side of the train direction. Sensor activation time is so adjusted by calculating the time taken at a certain speed to cross at least one compartment of standard minimum size of the Indian railway. We have considered 5 seconds for this project. Sensors are fixed at 1km on both sides of the gate. We call the sensor along the train direction as ‘foreside sensor’ and the other as ‘aft side sensor’. When foreside receiver gets activated, the gate motor is turned on in one direction and the gate is closed and stays closed until the train crosses the gate and reaches aft side sensors. When aft side receiver gets activated motor turns in opposite direction and gate opens and motor stops. Buzzer will immediately sound at the fore side receiver activation and gate will close after 5 seconds, so giving time to drivers to clear gate area in order to avoid trapping between the gates and stop sound after the train has crossed.

The same principle is applied for track switching. Considering a situation wherein an express train and a local train are traveling in opposite directions on the same track; the express train is allowed to travel on the same track and the local train has to switch on to the other track. Two sensors are placed at the either sides of the junction where the track switches. If there’s a train approaching from the other side, then another sensor placed along that direction gets activated and will send an interrupt to the controller. The interrupt service routine switches the track.  Indicator lights have been provided to avoid collisions. Here the switching operation is performed using a stepper motor. Assuming that within a certain delay, the train has passed the track is switched back to its original position, allowing the first train to pass without any interruption. This concept of track switching can be applied at 1km distance from the stations.

The project is simple to implement and subject to further improvement.

Model of Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching
Model of Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching


Gate Control
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Railways being the cheapest mode of transportation are preferred over all the other means .When we go through the daily newspapers we come across many railway accidents occurring at unmanned railway crossings. This is mainly due to the carelessness in manual operations or lack of workers. We, in this project has come up with a solution for the same. Using simple electronic components we have tried to automate the control of railway gates. As a train approaches the railway crossing from either side, the sensors placed at a certain distance from the gate detects the approaching train and accordingly controls the operation of the gate. Also an indicator light has been provided to alert the motorists about the approaching train.

Railway crossing
Gate control

Track Switching

Using the same principle as that for gate control, we have developed a concept of automatic track switching. Considering a situation wherein an express train and a local train are travelling in opposite directions on the same track; the express train is allowed to travel on the same track and the local train has to switch on to the other track. Indicator lights have been provided to avoid collisions .Here the switching operation is performed using a stepper motor. In practical purposes this can be achieved using electromagnets.

Track Switching
Track Switching
Editorial Team
Editorial Team

We are a group of young techies trying to provide the best study material for all Electronic and Computer science students. We are publishing Microcontroller projects, Basic Electronics, Digital Electronics, Computer projects and also c/c++, java programs.

827 thoughts on “Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching

  1. hello sir,good morning
    i like this project i am doing this project.i am (b.e.e.c)final year student. i need your help sir please sir send me component list,ckt diagram and all other information about this project.as soon as possible please sir help me

    .

  2. sir,i have make the project of ‘automatic railway gate opening and tracking switching system’ so plz send circuit diagram source code and component used in te project in my email id ‘paresh.bhatti@yahoo.com’

  3. please send me the project details and cost for the project “automatic railway gate control”

  4. HI~ i am interested in this project.I want more detail about this project.Can you send me the detail and the code.THANK YOU VERY MUCH!

  5. Sir,
    We are facing one difficulty while doing this.We are using the LDR as our sensor.Hence we are trying to get the signal at the instant when the light through LASER gets stopped on falling at LDR.But we are not getting that signal.While measuring with the Multimeter it shows 7.8Vwhen light stops fallin and 0.8V when light falls .So where we are doing wrong we are not getting.please help us.

  6. Sir
    Please send me full report of the project,
    Full programs of microcontroller 8051 & its interfacing with 8255,
    what is input & output port or 8051 & 8255,
    Pls also send us Various Parts list used in this project ,its Total Cost Parts wise & full circuit diagrams of the project
    In short all the necessary & useful informations of the project so that the project can be made easily…
    Thanking U for the project……..

  7. hello sir,
    i really want you to help me .i am doing a project like this.
    can u send me the detail of this project.
    i want the full programs of microcontroller 8051 and its interfacing with 8255 and the circuit diagrams of the project. same as farhad h ali^^
    plx help me
    thank you

  8. sir!
    pls send me full details of ds project consisting of flow chart,progrm n requirments……………
    plz……
    m wtng………

  9. sir i want to know abt the sensors used in this project???????????
    plz send me full details of the unmanned railway system………

  10. Respected sir,
    This Project I have choosen as my BE project.
    I am request you to send me more details about and circuit diagram interfacing of 8051 to 8255 with stepper motor and progamme code related to it.
    Please send all information about this project so that I will complete this project on my email ID.
    Thanking you.

  11. Sir,
    I m final year engineering student. I was searching for this topic “Automatic Railway Gate Control & Track Switching” from very long time. Me and my friends hav selected this topic as our project. i want all the information regarding this topic like circuit diagram, source codes, components required to build the ckt and theory. plz send me the info on my id srikant_victory@yahoo.com as soon as possible. thnx a ton.

  12. Sir i would lyk to know more about your automatic railway gate control and track switching. please send me the full circut detail.

  13. hello sir! PLZ send me more information abt this project and does d ir sensor gets affectd by sunlight…

  14. Sir,Please send me a brief description of RFID based automatic railway gate control system project.

  15. hello sir this is amit sir pease kindly send me the code and other important information detail regarding the project

  16. hey,
    we are interested very much in your project..we would be gateful to you if you could send us the details required to make this project.. do include algorithum, circuit diagram and list the components required.. please please please…

  17. hello sir,
    i like ur project idea am in 4th year plz send me the details of the project as well as the program.sir i want program in assembly language .

  18. hello sir..i find your project very intersting and useful.i m final year student and would like to do tjis as my final year project..can u plz send me the full papers and data required.i shall be very thankful to you.

  19. hello sir,
    i really liked ur project. i m a final yr student n my friends and i hav decided to this project…….can u plz provide me with the requisite details for accomplishing the project asap. i shall be very thankful to u.

  20. Sir,
    Can you please send the same project in a more easy way for a class 9th student.I have to submit the physical model of this project for my school science exhibition.Waiting for your kind reply.
    Thank you very much,
    Anurag das.Kolkata.

  21. SIR,

    I AM A FINAL YEAR MECHANICAL STUDENT. AND I AM INTERESTED TO DO THIS PROJECT.
    SO CAN U PLEASE SEND ME THE DETAILS ABOUT THIS PROJECT.

  22. Sir.. I would like to take up this project and do further improvements… pl help me out by mailing the required details of this project as soon as possible sir

  23. sir wish your happy deepavali if your dont mind pls send me a reports of this projects coz i need urgently for order componenets of this project for final projects and need more circuits and guidance planning this projects pic like 16F861……PLS HELP,YOUR HELP MUST APPRECIATED.

  24. am the final year student interesting in this project please may i know the type the type of sensor that can i use in the project

  25. sir, can you send me the whole detail ,circuit diagram & code of Automatic Railway gate Control .

  26. i would like to know all the details about the project…….Could u help me….Plz Send the details to my e-mail address…….DIPAK_VIVEK.2007@YAHOO.CO.IN

  27. This project is really cool… We had successfully completed this project (atcually it was half of our complete project) way back in 2005 for our academics.

    We used PIC16F84 & Stepper Motor. We used light sensor to generate the trigger pulse for this activity.

    If anybody is really interested to go in detail of this, then can refer a copy of our project report available in the college (Malnad college of engineering, Hassan, Dept of Electrical & Electronics Engg 2005 passed out. Project Name : Automatic Control of Railway Gates and Train movement”)

    Will try to upload the same soon in internet.

  28. sir,
    we r currently doin a project in microprocessor..we hav selected the above mentioned project..we need the program coding for interfacing 8051 with 8255 and then assigning ports for the sensors..kindly,forward it to my mail..

  29. please send me the necesary details for completing the projects,i am very interested in doing this project, this project really awesome

  30. sir please send me the micro controller coding to complete this project. i sall be thnakful to u for this

  31. Hello sir,
    how can I get the full circuit diagram and pcb layout for this project.
    Kindly help me sir,I’m in a big trouble.I’ve already given this topic for my final year project but i haven’t any circuit diagram for pcb designing.

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