Class definitions start with the class keyword, just like function definitions do. A class serves as a template from which objects can be built. A new class produces a new type of object, enabling the creation of new instances of that type. For the purpose of maintaining its state, each class instance has attributes attached. Class instances may also contain methods for changing their state that are defined by their class. by way of illustration, the class notion. Let’s say we need to develop a program that calls for the data of each student in a school. Three classes will be created: one for students, one for faculty, and one for other professionals such as accounting officials. Because a teacher’s traits differ from those of pupils’ and both have different attributes from those of account officers, the class is divided based on these differences. Although many characteristics, such as name, age, and residence are the same, a teacher may also have a salary that students do not, or a number of classes that accounts officers do not. Therefore, we now know how and on what basis certain classes are formed.
Due to the difference between classes and functions, we do not need to use the term def when creating a class; instead, we use the keyword Class along with the class name. Additionally, to access a class’s many attributes, we utilize an object rather than the class as a whole. With the aid of an object, we can assign new values and replace the preexisting values. In essence, an object grants us access to the entire class. We can get access to class variables like:
Object_name.variable_name = “abc”
In this case, we’re setting a variable to equal abc. Its previous value will be replaced by performing this.
Creating an Object:
Creating an object of a class is really basic and easy. Think about a class we have called Student. By using these specific lines of code, we can turn it into an object:
Stu1 = Student()
Stu2 = Student()
Here, two objects of the class Student have been created. These objects provide us access to every component of the Student class. Both the maximum number of objects that a class may include and the maximum number of classes that a program may contain are unrestricted.
The State, which is represented by characteristics of an object that reflect the properties of an item, is what makes up an object.
The behavior and interaction of an object with other objects are represented by its methods.
Identity gives each thing a special name so that they can communicate with one another.
